Population Situation Analysis aims to provide an evidence-based comprehensive picture of the main population characteristics, trends, potentials and challenges which will inform development of future, relevant policies and enable country programme planning. It has been done by SeConS – Development Initative Group, a think-tank from Serbia, under overall supervision by UNFPA and other agencies in the United Nations Country Team (UNCT) in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). Official statistics were obtained from three statistical offices (Agency for Statistics of BiH, the Institute for Statistics of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina - FBiH and the Statistical Office of Republika Srpska - RS) and two public health institutes (of FBiH and RS). In addition, data from other sources were used, including administrative data, specific surveys, reports and studies.